Loops

Here I will explain you all the loops in C++.

for loop

The for loop is a commonly used loop that allows you to repeat a block of code for a specific number of iterations. It consists of three parts: initialization, condition, and increment/decrement. Here's the general syntax:

    for (initialization; condition; increment/decrement) {
    // code to be repeated
}
  

    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    cout << i << " ";
}

while loop

The while loop repeatedly executes a block of code as long as a given condition is true. It does not require initialization or increment/decrement statements explicitly. Here's the general syntax:

    while (condition) {
    // code to be repeated
}
  

    int i = 0;
    while (i < 5) {
    cout << i << " ";
    i++;
}
  

do-while loop

The do-while loop is similar to the while loop but with one key difference: it executes the code block first and then checks the condition. This guarantees that the loop will be executed at least once. Here's the general syntax:

    do {
    // code to be repeated
} while (condition);
  

    int i = 0;
    do {
    cout << i << " ";
    i++;
} while (i < 5);
  

range-based for loop

The range-based for loop is a convenient loop introduced in C++11 that iterates over a range of elements, such as an array or a container. It simplifies the process of iterating through the elements without worrying about indices. Here's the general syntax:

    for (element : range) {
    // code to be repeated
}
  

    int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
    for (int num : arr) {
    cout << num << " ";
}
  

if loop

The if statement is not a loop, but rather a conditional statement used for decision-making. It allows you to execute a block of code only if a certain condition is true. Here's the general syntax:

    if (condition) {
    // code to be executed if condition is true
}
  

    int x = 5;
    if (x > 0) {
    cout << "x is positive";
}
  

    if (condition) {
    // code to be executed if condition is true
} else {
    // code to be executed if condition is false
}
  

    int x = -2;
    if (x > 0) {
    cout << "x is positive";
} else {
    cout << "x is non-positive";
}